Introduction
1 Timothy 5:23 (NIV) states:
“Stop drinking only water, and use a little wine because of your stomach and your frequent illnesses.”
This verse is often misinterpreted to justify occasional alcohol consumption, implying that drinking “a little” is acceptable. However, that is not the intended meaning. To understand this verse correctly, we must consider the context in which Paul wrote to Timothy.
Paul’s fatherly concern for Timothy
Paul had a close, fatherly relationship with Timothy, who was like a spiritual son to him. This letter reflects Paul’s deep care for Timothy’s well-being, both spiritually and physically. In verse 23, Paul advises Timothy to take care of his health, not encouraging casual drinking.
In the first century, water was not as purified as it is today. Unlike modern times, where we have advanced filtration systems, water then was often contaminated and could cause illness. In contrast, wine was considered a safer alternative due to its fermentation process, which eliminated harmful bacteria. Additionally, the wine had medicinal properties that could aid digestion and cure other ailments.
A lesson in health and self-care
Paul’s instruction to Timothy serves as a reminder, especially for pastors and ministry leaders, to take care of their health. Some religious groups have historically discouraged medical treatment, teaching that faith alone is sufficient for healing. However, Paul’s words advocate for responsible health management, including the use of medicine when necessary.
Does this verse endorse alcohol consumption?
Some people attempt to use this verse to justify drinking alcohol. However, Paul’s advice to Timothy was specific to a health-related issue, not a general endorsement of alcohol consumption. The Bible consistently warns against drunkenness and the negative effects of alcohol (Ephesians 5:18 NIV, Proverbs 20:1 NIV).
There are cultures, particularly in parts of Europe, where wine is traditionally consumed with meals. However, this is different from drinking alcohol in a way that alters one’s state of mind. The Bible warns against anything that causes a person to lose self-control. In many societies, alcohol consumption leads to addiction and destructive behaviours, which contradict biblical principles of self-discipline and holiness.
A caution against alcohol misuse
In some communities, alcohol consumption has become normalized, even on significant religious days like Good Friday and Easter. Some individuals misuse this verse as an excuse to drink, arguing that the Bible permits it. However, Paul’s instruction was not about casual drinking but rather a practical health recommendation in an era when clean water was scarce.
